Newton Reborn: Discovering the Inverse-Square Law with Generative AI
Black-box neural networks fit training curves, not physical laws. While a standard multilayer perceptron reaches R² = 0.940 in-distribution, its accuracy collapses under extrapolation (R² = 0.626 at 1000× range). By coupling an information-theoretic VAE bottleneck (β = 0.4) with symbolic regression via risk-seeking policy gradients, this pipeline rediscovers Newton's exact inverse-square law (F = G·m₁m₂/r²) from 20,000 noisy observations without prior functional assumptions, retaining R² = 0.998 across 1000× extrapolation.
Cite as BibTeX
@techreport{ugare2026newtonreborn,
title = {Newton Reborn: Discovering the Inverse-Square Law with Generative AI},
author = {Ugare, Raghu},
institution = {LambdaMatters},
number = {LM-TR-2026-01},
year = {2026},
month = {October},
url = {https://lambdamatters.com}
}